Informing utility-scale energy generation and storage decisions
Grid Operations, Integration, & Infrastructure
We advance understanding of strategies to reliably integrate and interconnect generation into the power system, as well as methods to value grid assets.
New utility-scale generation and storage technologies impact power system operations and planning. EMP works to increase understanding of strategies to integrate and interconnect generation into the power system while maintaining system reliability and enhancing affordability.
EMP’s work includes evaluating the value and cost of transmission infrastructure; assessing the need for and value of investing in sources of flexibility (such as demand response, flexible conventional generation, and storage); analyzing the variability and uncertainty of generation and related impacts on power system pricing, operations, and resource valuation; and exploring key trends in generator interconnection and hybrid power plants.
Selected Projects
- Queued Up: Characteristics of Power Plants Seeking Transmission Interconnection
- Generator Interconnection Costs to the Transmission System
- The Wholesale Electricity Prices (WEP) Tool
- Hybrid Power Plants Data Update
- Solar & Storage Operations
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Recent Publications
Seel, Joachim, Julie Mulvaney Kemp, Anna Cheyette, Will Gorman, Jessalyn Chuang, and Dev Millstein."Identifying Barriers to Solar and Storage Hybrids: Modeled vs. empirical wholesale market value and net-value for co-located solar + storage projects."
(2026).
Rand, Joseph, Anna Cheyette, Chris Talley, Steven Zhang, Will Gorman, Ryan H Wiser, Joachim Seel, Seongeun Jeong, and Fredrich Kahrl."U.S. Interconnection Queue Data Through 2025: Complete Interconnection Request Dataset and Summarized Data Workbook."
(2026).
Seel, Joachim, Nick Manderlink, Julie Mulvaney Kemp, Joseph Rand, Will Gorman, Ryan H Wiser, Will Cotton, and Kevin Porter."Generator Interconnection Costs to the Transmission System in non-ISO Balancing Authorities."
(2026).
Rand, Joseph, Nick Manderlink, Steven Zhang, Chris Talley, Will Gorman, Ryan H Wiser, Joachim Seel, Julie Mulvaney Kemp, Seongeun Jeong, and Fredrich Kahrl."Queued Up: 2025 Edition, Characteristics of Power Plants Seeking Transmission Interconnection As of the End of 2024."
(2025).
Gorman, Will, Joseph Rand, Anna Cheyette, Joachim Seel, Seongeun Jeong, and Ryan H Wiser."Hybrid Power Plants: Status of Operating and Proposed Plants, 2025 Data Update."
(2025).
Seel, Joachim, Julie Mulvaney Kemp, Anna Cheyette, Will Gorman, Naïm R Darghouth, Dana Robson, Joseph Rand, and Seongeun Jeong."U.S. Utility-Scale Solar, 2025 Data Update."
(2025).
Seel, Joachim, Dev Millstein, and Julie Mulvaney Kemp."Empirical Indicators of Transmission Value in the Southeast United States."
(2025).
Sergi, Brian, Jennie Jorgenson, Lawryn Kiboma, Zack Jensen, Dev Millstein, Natalie Mims Frick, and Fredrich Kahrl."Solar and Storage Integration in the U.S. Southeast: Implications for Resource Adequacy."
(2025).
Solar & Storage Operations
Generator Interconnection Costs to the Transmission System
Queued Up: Characteristics of Power Plants Seeking Transmission Interconnection
Hybrid Power Plants Data Update